Lecture 14-2

What Courts Do

 

Constitutional Interpretation

•      Judicial review allows judges to announce the authoritative meaning of the Constitution

•      Interpretations differ among judges because of different political values they hold

 

Statutory interpretation

•      Like passages in the Constitution, words in statutes passed by Congress and state legislatures are not always clear

•      Sometimes statutes do not appear to address the issue at hand and courts have to engage in a search for legislative intent

 

Fact Determination

•      Facts are often in dispute, even when the meaning of the laws and the Constitution is clear

•      Trial courts are most heavily engages in fact determination

 

Clarification of the Boundaries of Political Authority

•      In certain situations courts resolve a dispute over where the authority of one branch of government stops and another’s begins or boundary between State and National Government authority.

 

Legitimation

•      In most cases, judges uphold the legality of actions of the other officers of the government

•      Some decisions will end a public debate, but other decision such as the one in 1973 on abortion spark further national debate